Dr Zohaib Ullah provides an introduction to lower facial aesthetics and explores the use of injectable treatments in the area
Facial aesthetic treatments with the use of botulinum toxin and hyaluronic acid (HA) soft tissue fillers have come a long way since they were first introduced. Main indications related to facial aesthetics continue to be localised to the use on the upper face.1,2 However, treating the lower face with botulinum toxin and dermal fillers is now common practice among medical aesthetic professionals. To undergo safe and successful treatment, practitioners must consider the structure and function of the lower face, and understand how to approach each anatomical region.
Assessing the faceWhen assessing the patient, practitioners can use a three-zone approach to the face, which comprises three main areas – the upper, the mid and the lower face (Figure 1).3 Any changes to…
