Historically, the anatomy of the temporal fossa has been inconsistently described.1 Effective treatment of the ageing temple, manifesting through volume loss, can achieve an excellent cosmetic outcome. These defects are caused by the senescent boney and soft tissue changes.2 Conversely, a hypertrophied temporalis muscle can be a cause of migraine, headache secondary to temporo-mandibular disorders, and bruxism.3 This paper will explore the current literature to inform an advanced anatomical awareness; imperative to safely analyse and correct such changes at this anatomical region. This knowledge will help to minimise the risk of bruising, product migration, erythema and devastating complications such as blindness.4
In light of the inconsistent nomenclature, the following terms are suggested in reference to the fascial layers, consistent with the work of Sykes et al. to provide clarity, where appropriate5
